Coronavirus Studies in Nonhuman Primate Models
This page provides a curated list of coronavirus studies and reviews using nonhuman primate (NHP) models.
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Fudan University, Second Military Medical University, Peking University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, cell-based vaccine, neutralizing antibodies, immune response, pathology, mice, primates
Summary of Study: The data present strong evidence supporting the promise of K562-S (a novel cell-based vaccine candidate that uses human cell K562 as a cellular carrier to display Spike (S) protein on the membrane) as a new effective vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19.
References: PMID: 34304724 / doi: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1957400
Contact Info: Jianqing Xu: [email protected]; Xiaoyan Zhang: [email protected]; Chen Zhao: [email protected]; Ping Zhao: [email protected]
URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/22221751.2021.1957400
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Fudan University, Second Military Medical University, Peking University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, cell-based vaccine, neutralizing antibodies, immune response, pathology, mice, primates
Summary of Study: The data present strong evidence supporting the promise of K562-S (a novel cell-based vaccine candidate that uses human cell K562 as a cellular carrier to display Spike (S) protein on the membrane) as a new effective vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19.
References: PMID: 34304724 / doi: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1957400
Contact Info: Jianqing Xu: [email protected]; Xiaoyan Zhang: [email protected]; Chen Zhao: [email protected]; Ping Zhao: [email protected]
URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/22221751.2021.1957400
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, GENOME INSIGHT, INC.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, infection models, organoids, primates
Summary of Study: Review of in vitro and in vivo models for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
References: PMID: 34187969 / doi: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0094
Contact Info: Young Seok Ju: [email protected]
URL: https://www.molcells.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.14348/molcells.2021.0094
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, GENOME INSIGHT, INC.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, infection models, organoids, primates
Summary of Study: Review of in vitro and in vivo models for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
References: PMID: 34187969 / doi: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0094
Contact Info: Young Seok Ju: [email protected]
URL: https://www.molcells.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.14348/molcells.2021.0094
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Hebei Agricultural University; Military Veterinary Research Institute
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, aerosol particles, virus transduction, primates
Summary of Study: Most SARS-CoV-2 aerosol particles exhaled by the cynomolgus monkeys in this study were smaller (<4.7 um), suggesting that aerosols might be a route for SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
References: PMID: 34152969 / doi: 10.3201/eid2707.203948
Contact Info: Yuwei Gao: [email protected]
URL: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/7/20-3948_article
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Hebei Agricultural University; Military Veterinary Research Institute
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, aerosol particles, virus transduction, primates
Summary of Study: Most SARS-CoV-2 aerosol particles exhaled by the cynomolgus monkeys in this study were smaller (<4.7 um), suggesting that aerosols might be a route for SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
References: PMID: 34152969 / doi: 10.3201/eid2707.203948
Contact Info: Yuwei Gao: [email protected]
URL: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/7/20-3948_article
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: The Wistar Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, NIAID, and others
Keywords: MERS-CoV, intradermal and intramuscular delivery, synthetic DNA vaccine, primates
Summary of Study: Results illustrate that a MERS spike antigen synthetic DNA vaccine administered in a 2-dose i.d. EP regimen can have positive impact in an important NHP challenge model protecting against symptoms and pathology.
References: PMID: 33886507 / doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.146082
Contact Info: David Weiner: [email protected]
URL: https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/146082
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: The Wistar Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, NIAID, and others
Keywords: MERS-CoV, intradermal and intramuscular delivery, synthetic DNA vaccine, primates
Summary of Study: Results illustrate that a MERS spike antigen synthetic DNA vaccine administered in a 2-dose i.d. EP regimen can have positive impact in an important NHP challenge model protecting against symptoms and pathology.
References: PMID: 33886507 / doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.146082
Contact Info: David Weiner: [email protected]
URL: https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/146082
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: african green monkeys, rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, comparative evaluation of disease progression in three primate species
Summary of Study: In addition to African green monkeys, macaques can be successfully infected by airborne SARS-CoV-2, providing viable macaque natural transmission models for medical countermeasure evaluation.
References: PMID: 33529233 / doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246366
Contact Info: Sara Johnston: [email protected]; Aysegul Nalca: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0246366
NHP Species: african green monkeys, rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, comparative evaluation of disease progression in three primate species
Summary of Study: In addition to African green monkeys, macaques can be successfully infected by airborne SARS-CoV-2, providing viable macaque natural transmission models for medical countermeasure evaluation.
References: PMID: 33529233 / doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246366
Contact Info: Sara Johnston: [email protected]; Aysegul Nalca: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0246366
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, ACE2 expression, transcription factor AhR, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: Data in this study show that the transcription factor AhR is able to bind the promoter of the ACE2 gene, thus promoting ACE2 expression and augmenting the subsequent pathology in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs.
References: PMID: 33795851 / doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00672-1
Contact Info: Chuan Qin: [email protected]; Bo Huang: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41423-021-00672-1
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, ACE2 expression, transcription factor AhR, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: Data in this study show that the transcription factor AhR is able to bind the promoter of the ACE2 gene, thus promoting ACE2 expression and augmenting the subsequent pathology in SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs.
References: PMID: 33795851 / doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00672-1
Contact Info: Chuan Qin: [email protected]; Bo Huang: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41423-021-00672-1
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Yale University School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, several animal species, immunological response, primates
Summary of Study: This review discusses small and large animal model studies previously used in SARS-CoV-2 research that may be useful in elucidating the immunological contributions to hallmark syndromes observed with COVID-19.
References: PMID: 33914873 / doi: 10.1093/ilar/ilab010
Contact Info: Rebecca Veenhuis: [email protected]
URL: https://academic.oup.com/ilarjournal/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ilar/ilab010/6…
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Yale University School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, several animal species, immunological response, primates
Summary of Study: This review discusses small and large animal model studies previously used in SARS-CoV-2 research that may be useful in elucidating the immunological contributions to hallmark syndromes observed with COVID-19.
References: PMID: 33914873 / doi: 10.1093/ilar/ilab010
Contact Info: Rebecca Veenhuis: [email protected]
URL: https://academic.oup.com/ilarjournal/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ilar/ilab010/6…
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: University of Oxford, Public Health England, The Pirbright Institute
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, vaccine, immune response, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: Lung pathology caused by SARS-CoV-2 mediated pneumonia is reduced in rhesus macaques by prior vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, which induced neutralising antibody responses after a single intramuscular administration.
References: PMID: 34312487 / doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-02443-0
Contact Info: Sarah Gilbert: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-02443-0
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: University of Oxford, Public Health England, The Pirbright Institute
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, vaccine, immune response, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: Lung pathology caused by SARS-CoV-2 mediated pneumonia is reduced in rhesus macaques by prior vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, which induced neutralising antibody responses after a single intramuscular administration.
References: PMID: 34312487 / doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-02443-0
Contact Info: Sarah Gilbert: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-02443-0
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: olive baboons
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Novavax, University of Maryland, University of Oklahoma, and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, subunit vaccine (NVX-CoV2373), mice and primates
Summary of Study: Administering a subunit vaccine (NVX-CoV2373) constructed from the full-length S-protein, with Matrix-M adjuvant in a nonhuman primate model induces B- and T-cell responses, hACE2-receptor-blocking antibodies, and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. These results support the clinical development of the NVX-C0V2373 vaccine for prevention of COVID-19.
References: PMID: 33446655 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20653-8
Contact Info: Gale Smith: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-20653-8
NHP Species: olive baboons
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Novavax, University of Maryland, University of Oklahoma, and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, subunit vaccine (NVX-CoV2373), mice and primates
Summary of Study: Administering a subunit vaccine (NVX-CoV2373) constructed from the full-length S-protein, with Matrix-M adjuvant in a nonhuman primate model induces B- and T-cell responses, hACE2-receptor-blocking antibodies, and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. These results support the clinical development of the NVX-C0V2373 vaccine for prevention of COVID-19.
References: PMID: 33446655 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20653-8
Contact Info: Gale Smith: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-20653-8
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate, immunogenicity, efficacy, primates
Summary of Study: A two-dose regimen of vaccine candidate BBV152 with adjuvant B induces a significant immune response and provides effective protection in rhesus macaques challenged with SARS-CoV-2.
References: PMID: 33654090 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21639-w
Contact Info: Balram Bhargava: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21639-w
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate, immunogenicity, efficacy, primates
Summary of Study: A two-dose regimen of vaccine candidate BBV152 with adjuvant B induces a significant immune response and provides effective protection in rhesus macaques challenged with SARS-CoV-2.
References: PMID: 33654090 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21639-w
Contact Info: Balram Bhargava: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21639-w
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Public Health England, Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Oxford University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, synthetic DNA vaccine candidate, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: The results in a stringent preclinical SARS-CoV-2 animal model provide further support for the efficacy and safety of the synthetic DNA vaccine INO-4800 as a prophylactic countermeasure against COVID-19.
References: PMID: 34253420 / doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.06.057
Contact Info: Kate Broderick (Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Miles Carroll (Public Health England)
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X21008070?via%3Dihub=
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Public Health England, Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Oxford University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, synthetic DNA vaccine candidate, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: The results in a stringent preclinical SARS-CoV-2 animal model provide further support for the efficacy and safety of the synthetic DNA vaccine INO-4800 as a prophylactic countermeasure against COVID-19.
References: PMID: 34253420 / doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.06.057
Contact Info: Kate Broderick (Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Miles Carroll (Public Health England)
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X21008070?via%3Dihub=
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Public Health England & Welcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, pathogenicity, comparative studies, primates
Summary of Study: SARS-CoV-2 replicates in the upper and lower respiratory tract and causes pulmonary lesions in both rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. This provides convincing evidence that both macaque species authentically represent mild to moderate forms of COVID-19 observed in the majority of the human populations and both species can e used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of interventions proposed against SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, accessing cynomolgus macaques will greatly alleviate the pressures on current rhesus stocks.
References: PMID: 33627662 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21389-9
Contact Info: Miles Carroll: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21389-9
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Public Health England & Welcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, pathogenicity, comparative studies, primates
Summary of Study: SARS-CoV-2 replicates in the upper and lower respiratory tract and causes pulmonary lesions in both rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. This provides convincing evidence that both macaque species authentically represent mild to moderate forms of COVID-19 observed in the majority of the human populations and both species can e used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of interventions proposed against SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, accessing cynomolgus macaques will greatly alleviate the pressures on current rhesus stocks.
References: PMID: 33627662 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21389-9
Contact Info: Miles Carroll: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21389-9
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC); Utrecht University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, chest CT, ultrasound, pulmonary lesions, primates
Summary of Study: As has been observed in humans, the sensitivity of lung ultrasound (LUS) is high though the diagnostic efficacy or mild-to-moderate disease is relatively low. The low efficacy outweighs the advantages of LUS over CT (i.e. no need to transport the animals and the absence of ionizing radiation). For this reason, CT is still the imaging modality of choice for diagnosis, monitoring, and longitudinal assessment of a SARS-CoV-2 infection in NHPs.
References: PMID: 34778433 / doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.748635
Contact Info: Marieke Stammes: [email protected]
URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.748635/full
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC); Utrecht University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, chest CT, ultrasound, pulmonary lesions, primates
Summary of Study: As has been observed in humans, the sensitivity of lung ultrasound (LUS) is high though the diagnostic efficacy or mild-to-moderate disease is relatively low. The low efficacy outweighs the advantages of LUS over CT (i.e. no need to transport the animals and the absence of ionizing radiation). For this reason, CT is still the imaging modality of choice for diagnosis, monitoring, and longitudinal assessment of a SARS-CoV-2 infection in NHPs.
References: PMID: 34778433 / doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.748635
Contact Info: Marieke Stammes: [email protected]
URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.748635/full
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Harvard Univ., MIT, Tulane National Primate Research Center
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, respiratory droplet generation and exhalation, primates
Summary of Study: The proportion of small respiratory droplets (the majority of particles exhaled in all subjects) increased at the peak of COVID-19 infection in NHPs. This confirms a previously published observation from the exhaled aerosol profile of a single COVID-19 positive human subject, and suggests that, at peak infection, there may be an elevated risk of the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by way of the very small droplets that transmit through conventional masks and travers distances far exceeding the conventional social distance of 2 m.
References: PMID: 33563754 / doi: 10.1073/pnas.2021830118
Contact Info: David Edwards: [email protected]; Chad Roy: [email protected]
URL: https://www.pnas.org/content/118/8/e2021830118.long
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Harvard Univ., MIT, Tulane National Primate Research Center
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, respiratory droplet generation and exhalation, primates
Summary of Study: The proportion of small respiratory droplets (the majority of particles exhaled in all subjects) increased at the peak of COVID-19 infection in NHPs. This confirms a previously published observation from the exhaled aerosol profile of a single COVID-19 positive human subject, and suggests that, at peak infection, there may be an elevated risk of the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by way of the very small droplets that transmit through conventional masks and travers distances far exceeding the conventional social distance of 2 m.
References: PMID: 33563754 / doi: 10.1073/pnas.2021830118
Contact Info: David Edwards: [email protected]; Chad Roy: [email protected]
URL: https://www.pnas.org/content/118/8/e2021830118.long
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NCI/NIH; University of Maryland, BIOQUAL, NIAID and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, adjuvanted subunit vaccines, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: Mucosal vaccine efficiently cleared virus in the nasal cavity and may act as a potent complementary reinforcing boost for conventional systemic vaccines to provide overall better protection.
References: PMID: 33908897 / doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.148494
Contact Info: Yongjun Sui: [email protected]; Jay Berzofsky: [email protected]
URL: https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/148494
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NCI/NIH; University of Maryland, BIOQUAL, NIAID and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, adjuvanted subunit vaccines, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: Mucosal vaccine efficiently cleared virus in the nasal cavity and may act as a potent complementary reinforcing boost for conventional systemic vaccines to provide overall better protection.
References: PMID: 33908897 / doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.148494
Contact Info: Yongjun Sui: [email protected]; Jay Berzofsky: [email protected]
URL: https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/148494
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Nankai University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, monoclonal antibodies, structure analysis, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: The engineered antibody P4A1 (originally identified from COVID-19 convalescent patients) exhibits an optimized pharmacokinetic and safety profile, and results in complete viral clearance in a rhesus monkey model of COVID-19 following a single injection.
References: PMID: 33976198 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22926-2
Contact Info: Yu Guo: [email protected]; Hongkai Zhang: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22926-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Nankai University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, monoclonal antibodies, structure analysis, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: The engineered antibody P4A1 (originally identified from COVID-19 convalescent patients) exhibits an optimized pharmacokinetic and safety profile, and results in complete viral clearance in a rhesus monkey model of COVID-19 following a single injection.
References: PMID: 33976198 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22926-2
Contact Info: Yu Guo: [email protected]; Hongkai Zhang: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22926-2
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, convalescent sera, receptor-binding domain based nanoparticles, virus variants, primates
Summary of Study: Results show that as mutations accumulate in the RBD, spike proteins may acquire an antigenic shift that enable SARS-CoV-2 variants to eventually resist the current vaccines. Intensive monitoring of virus mutations and timely adjustment of the designed vaccines are required to control the viral pandemic.
References: PMID: 33580167 / doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00641-8
Contact Info: Xin He: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41423-021-00641-8
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, convalescent sera, receptor-binding domain based nanoparticles, virus variants, primates
Summary of Study: Results show that as mutations accumulate in the RBD, spike proteins may acquire an antigenic shift that enable SARS-CoV-2 variants to eventually resist the current vaccines. Intensive monitoring of virus mutations and timely adjustment of the designed vaccines are required to control the viral pandemic.
References: PMID: 33580167 / doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00641-8
Contact Info: Xin He: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41423-021-00641-8
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Brazil
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, in vitro and in vivo models, several animal species, including primates, review
Summary of Study: This review article summarizes the main models of SARS-CoV-2 infection developed so far and discusses their advantages, drawbacks and main uses.
References: PMID: 33673614 / doi: 10.3390/v13030379
Contact Info: Lindomar Pena: [email protected]
URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/3/379/htm
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Brazil
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, in vitro and in vivo models, several animal species, including primates, review
Summary of Study: This review article summarizes the main models of SARS-CoV-2 infection developed so far and discusses their advantages, drawbacks and main uses.
References: PMID: 33673614 / doi: 10.3390/v13030379
Contact Info: Lindomar Pena: [email protected]
URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/3/379/htm
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: african green monkeys, rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Yale School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, several animal species, immune response, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: This review summarized key clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of human COVID-19, followed by a comparison with spontaneous and genetically altered animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
References: PMID: 33836527 / doi: 10.1093/ilar/ilab0071
Contact Info: Caroline Zeiss: [email protected]
URL: https://academic.oup.com/ilarjournal/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ilar/ilab007/6…
NHP Species: african green monkeys, rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Yale School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, several animal species, immune response, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: This review summarized key clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of human COVID-19, followed by a comparison with spontaneous and genetically altered animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
References: PMID: 33836527 / doi: 10.1093/ilar/ilab0071
Contact Info: Caroline Zeiss: [email protected]
URL: https://academic.oup.com/ilarjournal/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ilar/ilab007/6…
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Trinomab Biotech Co.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, ferritin nanoparticles, receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: Self-assembling nanoparticle vaccines displaying the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 were prepared, and the vaccine candidate elicited robust humoral and T cell responses and protected the rhesus monkeys from infection with short-term shedding and only minor pathological damage.
References: PMID: 33951913 / doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00208
Contact Info: Longding Liu: [email protected]; Qihan Li: [email protected]; Zhanlong He: [email protected]
URL: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00208
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Trinomab Biotech Co.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, ferritin nanoparticles, receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: Self-assembling nanoparticle vaccines displaying the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 were prepared, and the vaccine candidate elicited robust humoral and T cell responses and protected the rhesus monkeys from infection with short-term shedding and only minor pathological damage.
References: PMID: 33951913 / doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00208
Contact Info: Longding Liu: [email protected]; Qihan Li: [email protected]; Zhanlong He: [email protected]
URL: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00208
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Kunming Institute of Zoology
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, S-Trimer, subunit vaccine candidate, immunogenicity, efficacy, primates
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques immunized with adjuvanted S-Trimer were protected from SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Trimer-Tag may be an important platform technology for scalable production and rapid development of safe and effective subunit vaccines against current and future emerging RNA viruses.
References: PMID: 33649323 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21634-1
Contact Info: Peng Liang: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21634-1
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Kunming Institute of Zoology
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, S-Trimer, subunit vaccine candidate, immunogenicity, efficacy, primates
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques immunized with adjuvanted S-Trimer were protected from SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Trimer-Tag may be an important platform technology for scalable production and rapid development of safe and effective subunit vaccines against current and future emerging RNA viruses.
References: PMID: 33649323 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21634-1
Contact Info: Peng Liang: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21634-1
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: California National Primate Research Center, UC Davis
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, CD4 T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, primates
Summary of Study: SARC-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques, either infused with convalescent plasma, normal plasma, or receiving no infusion showed induction of germinal center (GC) responses.
References: PMID: 33483492 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20642-x
Contact Info: Koen Van Rompay: [email protected]; Smita Iyer: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-20642-x
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: California National Primate Research Center, UC Davis
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, CD4 T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, primates
Summary of Study: SARC-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques, either infused with convalescent plasma, normal plasma, or receiving no infusion showed induction of germinal center (GC) responses.
References: PMID: 33483492 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20642-x
Contact Info: Koen Van Rompay: [email protected]; Smita Iyer: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-20642-x
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: The Wistar Institute; Inovio Pharmaceuticals; Bioqual
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, DNA vaccine, immunogenicity, immune response, adaptive immune response, primates
Summary of Study: INO-4800, an intradermal-delivered SARS-CoV-2 spike DNA vaccine, induced both humoral and cellular arms of the adaptive immune system.
References: PMID: 34604818 / doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100420
Contact Info: Kate Broderick: [email protected]; David Weiner: [email protected]
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666379121002822?via%3Dihub=
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: The Wistar Institute; Inovio Pharmaceuticals; Bioqual
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, DNA vaccine, immunogenicity, immune response, adaptive immune response, primates
Summary of Study: INO-4800, an intradermal-delivered SARS-CoV-2 spike DNA vaccine, induced both humoral and cellular arms of the adaptive immune system.
References: PMID: 34604818 / doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100420
Contact Info: Kate Broderick: [email protected]; David Weiner: [email protected]
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666379121002822?via%3Dihub=
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, MIT, Harvard
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, DNA- and Ad26-based vaccines, serum profiles, primates
Summary of Study: Data highlight the similarities between infection and vaccine induced humoral immunity for SARS-Cov-2 and cross-reactivity of these responses to other CoVs.
References: PMID: 33692201 / doi: 10.1128/JVI.00117-21
Contact Info: Dan Barouch: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/JVI.00117-21?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=or…
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, MIT, Harvard
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, DNA- and Ad26-based vaccines, serum profiles, primates
Summary of Study: Data highlight the similarities between infection and vaccine induced humoral immunity for SARS-Cov-2 and cross-reactivity of these responses to other CoVs.
References: PMID: 33692201 / doi: 10.1128/JVI.00117-21
Contact Info: Dan Barouch: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/JVI.00117-21?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=or…
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Univ. of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, D614G Spike Mutation, Vaccinated and immune sera, neutralization, primates
Summary of Study: Vaccinated NHPs using the nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP vaccine platform encoding four differentSARS-CoV-2 spike immunogens generate antibody responses that not only recognize the G614 mutation that has taken over the pandemic, but also have stronger titers of neutralization to this virus variant.
References: PMID: 33306985/doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.012
Contact Info: Drew Weissman (no contact information)
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S193131282030634X?via%3Dihub=
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Univ. of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, D614G Spike Mutation, Vaccinated and immune sera, neutralization, primates
Summary of Study: Vaccinated NHPs using the nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP vaccine platform encoding four differentSARS-CoV-2 spike immunogens generate antibody responses that not only recognize the G614 mutation that has taken over the pandemic, but also have stronger titers of neutralization to this virus variant.
References: PMID: 33306985/doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.012
Contact Info: Drew Weissman (no contact information)
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S193131282030634X?via%3Dihub=
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: Cynomolgus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2 showed body temperature rises and X-ray radiographic pneumonia without life-threatening clinical signs of disease. Because of similar symptoms to approximately 80% of patients, cynomolgus macaques are appropriate to extrapolate the efficacy of vaccines and antiviral drugs for humans.
References: PMID: 33412411/doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.12.013
Contact Info: Yasushi Itoh (no contact information)
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682220302609?via%3Dihub=
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: Cynomolgus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2 showed body temperature rises and X-ray radiographic pneumonia without life-threatening clinical signs of disease. Because of similar symptoms to approximately 80% of patients, cynomolgus macaques are appropriate to extrapolate the efficacy of vaccines and antiviral drugs for humans.
References: PMID: 33412411/doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.12.013
Contact Info: Yasushi Itoh (no contact information)
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682220302609?via%3Dihub=
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Universite de Paris, Institut Pasteur and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, mathematical model, viral dynamics, immune response, viral clearance, primates
Summary of Study: Results provide estimates of SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetic parameters in an experimental model of mild infection and they provide means to assess the efficacy of future antiviral treatments.
References: PMID: 33730053 / doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008785
Contact Info: Antonio Goncalves: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008785
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Universite de Paris, Institut Pasteur and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, mathematical model, viral dynamics, immune response, viral clearance, primates
Summary of Study: Results provide estimates of SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetic parameters in an experimental model of mild infection and they provide means to assess the efficacy of future antiviral treatments.
References: PMID: 33730053 / doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008785
Contact Info: Antonio Goncalves: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008785
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID; University of Colorado School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, role of T cells in recovery, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: Results suggest that T cells are not critical for recovery from acute SARS-CoV-2 infections in the rhesus macaque model (which develop only mild COVID-19, similar to most humans), pointing toward B cell responses and antibodies as the essential mediators of protection from re-exposure.
References: PMID: 34311582 / doi: 10.1128/mBio.01503-21
Contact Info: Kim Hasenkrug: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01503-21
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID; University of Colorado School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, role of T cells in recovery, immune response, primates
Summary of Study: Results suggest that T cells are not critical for recovery from acute SARS-CoV-2 infections in the rhesus macaque model (which develop only mild COVID-19, similar to most humans), pointing toward B cell responses and antibodies as the essential mediators of protection from re-exposure.
References: PMID: 34311582 / doi: 10.1128/mBio.01503-21
Contact Info: Kim Hasenkrug: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01503-21
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Indian Veterinary Research Institute and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, domestic and wild animal species, public health
Summary of Study: This review analyzes the current evidence of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in domestic and wild animal species and their possible implications on public health.
References: PMID: 33892621 / doi: 10.1080/01652176/2021.1921311
Contact Info: Khan Sharun: [email protected]; Kuldeep Dhama: [email protected]
URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8128218/pdf/TVEQ_41_1921311.pdf
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Indian Veterinary Research Institute and others
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, domestic and wild animal species, public health
Summary of Study: This review analyzes the current evidence of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in domestic and wild animal species and their possible implications on public health.
References: PMID: 33892621 / doi: 10.1080/01652176/2021.1921311
Contact Info: Khan Sharun: [email protected]; Kuldeep Dhama: [email protected]
URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8128218/pdf/TVEQ_41_1921311.pdf
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: pigtail macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: SARS-CoV-2-infected northern pig-tailed macaques could be considered as a critically ill animal model in COVID-19 research.
References: PMID: 33998182 / doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.334
Contact Info: Yong-Tang Zheng: [email protected]
URL: http://www.zoores.ac.cn/article/doi/10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.334
NHP Species: pigtail macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: SARS-CoV-2-infected northern pig-tailed macaques could be considered as a critically ill animal model in COVID-19 research.
References: PMID: 33998182 / doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.334
Contact Info: Yong-Tang Zheng: [email protected]
URL: http://www.zoores.ac.cn/article/doi/10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.334
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Karolinska Institutet; University of Cape Town
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, virus genomic variants, antigenic sin, boost, passive immunization, mice, primates
Summary of Study: A single dose of adjuvanted beta variant receptor binding domain (RBD) protein broadens neutralizing antibody responses to heterologous VOCs.
References: PMID: 34723224 / doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100450
Contact Info: Daniel Sheward: [email protected]; Gunilla Karlsson Hedestam: [email protected]; Ben Murrell: [email protected]
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666379121003189?via%3Dihub=
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Karolinska Institutet; University of Cape Town
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, virus genomic variants, antigenic sin, boost, passive immunization, mice, primates
Summary of Study: A single dose of adjuvanted beta variant receptor binding domain (RBD) protein broadens neutralizing antibody responses to heterologous VOCs.
References: PMID: 34723224 / doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100450
Contact Info: Daniel Sheward: [email protected]; Gunilla Karlsson Hedestam: [email protected]; Ben Murrell: [email protected]
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666379121003189?via%3Dihub=
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Karolinska Institute, University of Cape Town
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, spike protein subunit vaccine, mice and primates, immune response
Summary of Study: Adjuvanted protein immunization with soluble SARS-CoV-2 Spike trimers, stabilized in prefusion conformation, results in potent antibody responses in mice and rhesus macaques, with neutralizing antibody titers exceeding those typically measured in SARS-CoV-2 seropositive humans by more than one order of magnitude.
References: PMID: 33842900 / doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.10052
Contact Info: Ben Murrell: [email protected]; Daniel Sheward: [email protected], Gunilla Karlsson Hedestam: [email protected]
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666379121000689?via%3Dihub=
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Karolinska Institute, University of Cape Town
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, spike protein subunit vaccine, mice and primates, immune response
Summary of Study: Adjuvanted protein immunization with soluble SARS-CoV-2 Spike trimers, stabilized in prefusion conformation, results in potent antibody responses in mice and rhesus macaques, with neutralizing antibody titers exceeding those typically measured in SARS-CoV-2 seropositive humans by more than one order of magnitude.
References: PMID: 33842900 / doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.10052
Contact Info: Ben Murrell: [email protected]; Daniel Sheward: [email protected], Gunilla Karlsson Hedestam: [email protected]
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666379121000689?via%3Dihub=
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Tulane NPRC, North Carolina State University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, portable, ultrasensitive saliva-based virus assay, primates
Summary of Study: CRISPR-FDS determined that mean SARS-Cov-2 RNA levels were 3.6 fold to 124-fold higher, and more stable, in oropharyngeal versus nasal swab samples from nonhuman primates at all time points after infection, suggesting that saliva may represent a more robust diagnostic sample than nasal swabs both early and later in infection.
References: PMID: 33310733 / doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe3703
Contact Info: Tony Hu: [email protected]
URL: https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/2/eabe3703
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Tulane NPRC, North Carolina State University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, portable, ultrasensitive saliva-based virus assay, primates
Summary of Study: CRISPR-FDS determined that mean SARS-Cov-2 RNA levels were 3.6 fold to 124-fold higher, and more stable, in oropharyngeal versus nasal swab samples from nonhuman primates at all time points after infection, suggesting that saliva may represent a more robust diagnostic sample than nasal swabs both early and later in infection.
References: PMID: 33310733 / doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe3703
Contact Info: Tony Hu: [email protected]
URL: https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/2/eabe3703
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Dalhousie University; University of Calgary
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, anthropozoonosis, virus transmission between the animal species, primates
Summary of Study: While the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via wastewater is low, tracing of viral RNA in wastewater does provide a unique testing approach to help protect NHPs at zoos and wildlife sanctuaries.
References: PMID: 34662463 / doi: 10.1002/ajp.23340
Contact Info: Graham Dellaire: [email protected]
URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajp.23340
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Dalhousie University; University of Calgary
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, anthropozoonosis, virus transmission between the animal species, primates
Summary of Study: While the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via wastewater is low, tracing of viral RNA in wastewater does provide a unique testing approach to help protect NHPs at zoos and wildlife sanctuaries.
References: PMID: 34662463 / doi: 10.1002/ajp.23340
Contact Info: Graham Dellaire: [email protected]
URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajp.23340
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: pigtail macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: University of Melbourne, Monash University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, prime-boost protein subunit vaccine, mice and primates
Summary of Study: Both S and RBD vaccines are comparably immunogenic and produced strong serological neutralizing responses in pig-tailed macaques. Overall, immunization with recombinant S immunogens reliably elicits potentially protective humoral immunity at levels in excess of those observed in convalescent human, confirming recombinant S proteins as promising vaccine candidates.
References: PMID: 33658497 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21665-8
Contact Info: Stephen Kent: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21665-8
NHP Species: pigtail macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: University of Melbourne, Monash University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, prime-boost protein subunit vaccine, mice and primates
Summary of Study: Both S and RBD vaccines are comparably immunogenic and produced strong serological neutralizing responses in pig-tailed macaques. Overall, immunization with recombinant S immunogens reliably elicits potentially protective humoral immunity at levels in excess of those observed in convalescent human, confirming recombinant S proteins as promising vaccine candidates.
References: PMID: 33658497 / doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21665-8
Contact Info: Stephen Kent: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21665-8
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: University of Texas Medical Branch, Pfizer
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, vaccine-elicited immunity, virus variant, primates
Summary of Study: The D614G mutation modestly reduced SARS-CoV-2 neutralization by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited mouse, rhesus, and human sera, concurring with the 95% vaccine efficacy observed in clinical trial.
References: PMID: 33767200 / doi: 10.1038/s41541-021-00313-8
Contact Info: Philip Dormitzer: philip,[email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41541-021-00313-8
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: University of Texas Medical Branch, Pfizer
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, vaccine-elicited immunity, virus variant, primates
Summary of Study: The D614G mutation modestly reduced SARS-CoV-2 neutralization by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited mouse, rhesus, and human sera, concurring with the 95% vaccine efficacy observed in clinical trial.
References: PMID: 33767200 / doi: 10.1038/s41541-021-00313-8
Contact Info: Philip Dormitzer: philip,[email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41541-021-00313-8
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Iowa; University of Florida
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, meta analysis, airway mucus, mucin glycoproteins, inflammation, primates
Summary of Study: Ferrets, nonhuman primates, and cats may have advantages over other models to investigate mucus in COVID-19.
References: PMID: 34794359 / doi: 10.1177/03009858211058837
Contact Info: not available
URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/03009858211058837?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&…
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Iowa; University of Florida
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, meta analysis, airway mucus, mucin glycoproteins, inflammation, primates
Summary of Study: Ferrets, nonhuman primates, and cats may have advantages over other models to investigate mucus in COVID-19.
References: PMID: 34794359 / doi: 10.1177/03009858211058837
Contact Info: not available
URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/03009858211058837?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&…
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Perelman School of Medicine (UPenn)
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, clinical and pathologic consequences, ACE2 decoy protein, primates
Summary of Study: The ACE2 decoy (soluble forms of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) gene therapy approach could be effectively deployed to vulnerable populations in the COVID-19 pandemic and potentially to broader populations at the outset of future coronavirus pandemics.
References: PMID: 34265018 / doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009544
Contact Info: James Wilson: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1009544
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Perelman School of Medicine (UPenn)
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, clinical and pathologic consequences, ACE2 decoy protein, primates
Summary of Study: The ACE2 decoy (soluble forms of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) gene therapy approach could be effectively deployed to vulnerable populations in the COVID-19 pandemic and potentially to broader populations at the outset of future coronavirus pandemics.
References: PMID: 34265018 / doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009544
Contact Info: James Wilson: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1009544
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Copycat Sciences; Sporos Bioventures
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, redelivery, analysis of the preclinical data and clinical efficacy, primates
Summary of Study: The gap between the strong preclinical data with remdesivir (RDV) across many virus models and its questionable clinical activity suggests that assumptions are being made at the preclinical level that do not reflect the conditions observed in patients.
References: PMID: 34252308 / doi: 10.1128/AAC.01117-21
Contact Info: Victoria Yan: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/AAC.01117-21?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=or…
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Copycat Sciences; Sporos Bioventures
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, redelivery, analysis of the preclinical data and clinical efficacy, primates
Summary of Study: The gap between the strong preclinical data with remdesivir (RDV) across many virus models and its questionable clinical activity suggests that assumptions are being made at the preclinical level that do not reflect the conditions observed in patients.
References: PMID: 34252308 / doi: 10.1128/AAC.01117-21
Contact Info: Victoria Yan: [email protected]
URL: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/AAC.01117-21?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=or…
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Emory University School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, several animal species, anti-viral therapeutic, vaccine development, primates
Summary of Study: Summarizing key features, strengths and weaknesses of animal models for SARS-CoV-2, focusing on their application in anti-viral therapeutic and vaccine development.
References: PMID: 33906125 / doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.03.009
Contact Info: Anice Lowen: [email protected]
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879625721000316?via%3Dihub=
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Emory University School of Medicine
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, several animal species, anti-viral therapeutic, vaccine development, primates
Summary of Study: Summarizing key features, strengths and weaknesses of animal models for SARS-CoV-2, focusing on their application in anti-viral therapeutic and vaccine development.
References: PMID: 33906125 / doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.03.009
Contact Info: Anice Lowen: [email protected]
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879625721000316?via%3Dihub=
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, neurotropism, central neural system, virus transduction, primates
Summary of Study: The olfactory route is a potential way for SARS-CoV-2 to invade the central nervous system of rhesus monkeys.
References: PMID: 33895780 / doi: 10.1038/s41392-021-00591-7
Contact Info: Xiaozhong Peng: [email protected]; Shuaiyao Lu: [email protected]; Hongqi Liu: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-021-00591-7
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, neurotropism, central neural system, virus transduction, primates
Summary of Study: The olfactory route is a potential way for SARS-CoV-2 to invade the central nervous system of rhesus monkeys.
References: PMID: 33895780 / doi: 10.1038/s41392-021-00591-7
Contact Info: Xiaozhong Peng: [email protected]; Shuaiyao Lu: [email protected]; Hongqi Liu: [email protected]
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-021-00591-7
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Wheaten College, Cornell University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, virus susceptibility, animal welfare, hamsters, ferrets, primates
Summary of Study: Paper reviews virus susceptibilities in species with frequent human contact, and factors that are best predictors of virus susceptibility.
References: PMID: 34359172 / doi: 10.3390/ani11072044
Contact Info: Kathleen Morgan: [email protected]
URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/7/2044
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Wheaten College, Cornell University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, virus susceptibility, animal welfare, hamsters, ferrets, primates
Summary of Study: Paper reviews virus susceptibilities in species with frequent human contact, and factors that are best predictors of virus susceptibility.
References: PMID: 34359172 / doi: 10.3390/ani11072044
Contact Info: Kathleen Morgan: [email protected]
URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/7/2044
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, inactivated vaccines, antibody-dependent enhancement, immunopathology, primates
Summary of Study: Results show that in the absence of cellular immunity, passive infusion of subneutralizing or nonneutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies could still provide some level of protection against infection upon challenge, and no low-level antibody-enhanced infection was observed.
References: PMID: 34736354 / doi: 10.1080/22221751.2021.2002670
Contact Info: Qihan Li: [email protected]; Longding Liu: [email protected]; Cunbao Liu: [email protected]
URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/22221751.2021.2002670
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, inactivated vaccines, antibody-dependent enhancement, immunopathology, primates
Summary of Study: Results show that in the absence of cellular immunity, passive infusion of subneutralizing or nonneutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies could still provide some level of protection against infection upon challenge, and no low-level antibody-enhanced infection was observed.
References: PMID: 34736354 / doi: 10.1080/22221751.2021.2002670
Contact Info: Qihan Li: [email protected]; Longding Liu: [email protected]; Cunbao Liu: [email protected]
URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/22221751.2021.2002670
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Texas Medical Branch
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, convalescent sera, primates
Summary of Study: Convalescent plasma therapy in humans may be an effective strategy provided that donor sera contain high anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing titers given in early states of the disease.
References: PMID: 33662255 / doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108837
Contact Info: Thomas W. Geisbert:
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124721001510?via%3Dihub=
NHP Species: african green monkeys
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Texas Medical Branch
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, convalescent sera, primates
Summary of Study: Convalescent plasma therapy in humans may be an effective strategy provided that donor sera contain high anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing titers given in early states of the disease.
References: PMID: 33662255 / doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108837
Contact Info: Thomas W. Geisbert:
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124721001510?via%3Dihub=
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Texas Medical Branch
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, apoptosis, lung tissues, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: Significant increases in apoptotic signals in postmortem lung sections from COVID-19 patients and lungs of NHPs infected with SARS-CoV-2 on day 21 p.i.
References: PMID: 33922476 / doi: 10.3390/pathogens10050509
Contact Info: Paul Boor: [email protected]; Jason Comer: [email protected]; Bin Gong: [email protected]
URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/5/509
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Texas Medical Branch
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, apoptosis, lung tissues, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: Significant increases in apoptotic signals in postmortem lung sections from COVID-19 patients and lungs of NHPs infected with SARS-CoV-2 on day 21 p.i.
References: PMID: 33922476 / doi: 10.3390/pathogens10050509
Contact Info: Paul Boor: [email protected]; Jason Comer: [email protected]; Bin Gong: [email protected]
URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/5/509
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: USC, , UCLA, City of Hope, Bioqual
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, pancreatic beta cells, toxicity, metabolism, primates
Summary of Study: SARS-CoV-2 infection enhances beta cell stress that may compromise beta-cell function beyond the duration of the disease course, raising the possibility that the beta cell stress and injury may have clinical implications to the long-term future health of patients that have recovered from COVID19.
References: PMID: 34312617 / doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-592374/v1
Contact Info: Senta Georgia: [email protected]
URL: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-592374/v1
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: USC, , UCLA, City of Hope, Bioqual
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, pancreatic beta cells, toxicity, metabolism, primates
Summary of Study: SARS-CoV-2 infection enhances beta cell stress that may compromise beta-cell function beyond the duration of the disease course, raising the possibility that the beta cell stress and injury may have clinical implications to the long-term future health of patients that have recovered from COVID19.
References: PMID: 34312617 / doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-592374/v1
Contact Info: Senta Georgia: [email protected]
URL: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-592374/v1
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: prevention
NPRC/Institute: Beijing DanXu Biopharmaceuticals
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, monoclonal antibody, ELISA assay, pharmacokinetic, primates
Summary of Study: In cynomolgus monkeys, BD-604 (a fully human monoclonal antibody) possesses pharmacokinetic properties similar to natural IgGs.
References: PMID: 34215019 / doi: 10.1002/dta.3122
Contact Info: Xu Zhang: [email protected]
URL: https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.3122
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: prevention
NPRC/Institute: Beijing DanXu Biopharmaceuticals
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, monoclonal antibody, ELISA assay, pharmacokinetic, primates
Summary of Study: In cynomolgus monkeys, BD-604 (a fully human monoclonal antibody) possesses pharmacokinetic properties similar to natural IgGs.
References: PMID: 34215019 / doi: 10.1002/dta.3122
Contact Info: Xu Zhang: [email protected]
URL: https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.3122
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Weill Cornell Medical College
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, vaccines, antibody and T cell immunogenicity, review, primates
Summary of Study: This review article looks at what is known of the antibody and T cell immunogenicity of vaccines that have advanced to human clinical trials. Includes summary of press releases on the outcomes of vaccine efficacy trials.
References: PMID: 33608249 / doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe8065
Contact Info: John P. Moore: [email protected]
URL: https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/12/eabe8065
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Weill Cornell Medical College
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, vaccines, antibody and T cell immunogenicity, review, primates
Summary of Study: This review article looks at what is known of the antibody and T cell immunogenicity of vaccines that have advanced to human clinical trials. Includes summary of press releases on the outcomes of vaccine efficacy trials.
References: PMID: 33608249 / doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe8065
Contact Info: John P. Moore: [email protected]
URL: https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/12/eabe8065
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Weill Cornell Medical College
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, antibody and T cell immunogenicity, testing vaccines in humans and primates, review
Summary of Study: This review article summaries what is known of the antibody and T cell immunogenicity of multiple preventive vaccines in NHPs and humans.
References: PMID: 33608249 / doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe8065
Contact Info: John Moore: [email protected]
URL: https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/12/eabe8065
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Weill Cornell Medical College
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, antibody and T cell immunogenicity, testing vaccines in humans and primates, review
Summary of Study: This review article summaries what is known of the antibody and T cell immunogenicity of multiple preventive vaccines in NHPs and humans.
References: PMID: 33608249 / doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe8065
Contact Info: John Moore: [email protected]
URL: https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/12/eabe8065
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chungbuk National University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, several animal species, transduction, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: Review of various animal models employed for SARS-CoV-2 infection studies that outlines their individual strengths and limitations for use in studies aimed at increasing understanding of coronavirus pathogenesis.
References: PMID: 33996168 / doi: 10.4110/in.2021.21.e12
Contact Info: Young Ki Choi: [email protected]
URL: https://immunenetwork.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4110/in.2021.21.e12
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2021
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chungbuk National University
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, several animal species, transduction, pathology, primates
Summary of Study: Review of various animal models employed for SARS-CoV-2 infection studies that outlines their individual strengths and limitations for use in studies aimed at increasing understanding of coronavirus pathogenesis.
References: PMID: 33996168 / doi: 10.4110/in.2021.21.e12
Contact Info: Young Ki Choi: [email protected]
URL: https://immunenetwork.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4110/in.2021.21.e12