Coronavirus Studies in Nonhuman Primate Models
This page provides a curated list of coronavirus studies and reviews using nonhuman primate (NHP) models.
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2020
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, animal models, viral load, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques were inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 (isolate nCoV WA1-2020). Data established that the rhesus macaque recapitulates human disease with respect to virus replication and shedding, the presence of pulmonary infiltrates, histological lesions and seroconversion.
References: doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2324-7; PMID: 32396922
Contact Info: Munster VJ, et al.; correspondence to Emmie de Wit (emmie.dewit@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32396922/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2020
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, animal models, viral load, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques were inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 (isolate nCoV WA1-2020). Data established that the rhesus macaque recapitulates human disease with respect to virus replication and shedding, the presence of pulmonary infiltrates, histological lesions and seroconversion.
References: doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2324-7; PMID: 32396922
Contact Info: Munster VJ, et al.; correspondence to Emmie de Wit (emmie.dewit@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32396922/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2019
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
Keywords: ARDS, coronavirus, interferon, SARS-CoV, therapeutic, zoonosis
Summary of Study: Many of the treatments used in SARS or MERS patients in outbreak situations were not based on clear in vitro and in vivo model evidence of efficacy, and meta-analyses of treatments failed to show effective therapeutic regimens. Development of a drug discovery pipeline consisting of in vitro and in vivo models of coronavirus infection is needed to identify antivirals targeting essential mechanisms of infection.
References: doi: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1581171
Contact Info: Totura AL, et al.; correspondence to Sina Bavari (sina.bavari.civ@mail.mil)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30849247/
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2019
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
Keywords: ARDS, coronavirus, interferon, SARS-CoV, therapeutic, zoonosis
Summary of Study: Many of the treatments used in SARS or MERS patients in outbreak situations were not based on clear in vitro and in vivo model evidence of efficacy, and meta-analyses of treatments failed to show effective therapeutic regimens. Development of a drug discovery pipeline consisting of in vitro and in vivo models of coronavirus infection is needed to identify antivirals targeting essential mechanisms of infection.
References: doi: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1581171
Contact Info: Totura AL, et al.; correspondence to Sina Bavari (sina.bavari.civ@mail.mil)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30849247/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2019
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
Keywords: ARDS, coronavirus, interferon, SARS-CoV, therapeutic, zoonosis
Summary of Study: Many of the treatments used in SARS or MERS patients in outbreak situations were not based on clear in vitro and in vivo model evidence of efficacy, and meta-analyses of treatments failed to show effective therapeutic regimens. Development of a drug discovery pipeline consisting of in vitro and in vivo models of coronavirus infection is needed to identify antivirals targeting essential mechanisms of infection.
References: doi: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1581171
Contact Info: Totura AL, et al.; correspondence to Sina Bavari (sina.bavari.civ@mail.mil)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30849247/
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2019
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
Keywords: ARDS, coronavirus, interferon, SARS-CoV, therapeutic, zoonosis
Summary of Study: Many of the treatments used in SARS or MERS patients in outbreak situations were not based on clear in vitro and in vivo model evidence of efficacy, and meta-analyses of treatments failed to show effective therapeutic regimens. Development of a drug discovery pipeline consisting of in vitro and in vivo models of coronavirus infection is needed to identify antivirals targeting essential mechanisms of infection.
References: doi: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1581171
Contact Info: Totura AL, et al.; correspondence to Sina Bavari (sina.bavari.civ@mail.mil)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30849247/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Keywords: coronavirus, MERS-CoV, animal models, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: To achieve high viral loads of MERS-CoV as seen in humans, a spike-modified MERS clone was tested in rhesus macaques. Respiratory disease was mild and transient.
References: doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28900-1; PMID: 30013082
Contact Info: Cockrell AS, et al.; correspondence to Adam Cockrell (adam_cockrell@unc.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30013082/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Keywords: coronavirus, MERS-CoV, animal models, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: To achieve high viral loads of MERS-CoV as seen in humans, a spike-modified MERS clone was tested in rhesus macaques. Respiratory disease was mild and transient.
References: doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28900-1; PMID: 30013082
Contact Info: Cockrell AS, et al.; correspondence to Adam Cockrell (adam_cockrell@unc.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30013082/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Rocky Mountain Laboratories
Keywords: MERS-CoV, immunosuppression, pathology, shedding, macaque
Summary of Study: Immuno-compromised rhesus macaques were evaluated to determine if their immunosuppression resulted in higher MERS-CoV replication and shedding.
References: doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00205; PMID: 29483914
Contact Info: Prescott J, et al.; correspondence to Vincent Munster (vincent.munster@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29483914/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Rocky Mountain Laboratories
Keywords: MERS-CoV, immunosuppression, pathology, shedding, macaque
Summary of Study: Immuno-compromised rhesus macaques were evaluated to determine if their immunosuppression resulted in higher MERS-CoV replication and shedding.
References: doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00205; PMID: 29483914
Contact Info: Prescott J, et al.; correspondence to Vincent Munster (vincent.munster@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29483914/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Wuhan University, China
Keywords: coronavirus, SARS-CoV, vaccine, animal models, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques were given an inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine to evaluate whether it would cause disease enhancement. Vaccination resulted in low antibodies and did not induce disease enhancement.
References: doi: 10.1007/s12250-018-0009-2; PMID: 29541941; PMCID: PMC6178114
Contact Info: Luo F, et al.; correspondence to Wei Hou (houwei@whu.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29541941/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Wuhan University, China
Keywords: coronavirus, SARS-CoV, vaccine, animal models, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques were given an inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine to evaluate whether it would cause disease enhancement. Vaccination resulted in low antibodies and did not induce disease enhancement.
References: doi: 10.1007/s12250-018-0009-2; PMID: 29541941; PMCID: PMC6178114
Contact Info: Luo F, et al.; correspondence to Wei Hou (houwei@whu.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29541941/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, PR China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, neutralizing antibodies, coronavirus, receptor sequence binding
Summary of Study: A recombinant VSV-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine neutralized antibodies and T cell responses in rhesus monkeys after a single intramuscular or intranasal immunization dose.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.12.007; PMID: 29246504; PMCID: PMC7113862
Contact Info: Liu R, et al.; correspondence to Zhigao Bu (buzhigao@caas.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29246504/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, PR China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, neutralizing antibodies, coronavirus, receptor sequence binding
Summary of Study: A recombinant VSV-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine neutralized antibodies and T cell responses in rhesus monkeys after a single intramuscular or intranasal immunization dose.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.12.007; PMID: 29246504; PMCID: PMC7113862
Contact Info: Liu R, et al.; correspondence to Zhigao Bu (buzhigao@caas.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29246504/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Keywords: coronavirus, MERS-CoV, animal models, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: To achieve high viral loads of MERS-CoV as seen in humans, a spike-modified MERS clone was tested in rhesus macaques. Respiratory disease was mild and transient.
References: doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28900-1; PMID: 30013082
Contact Info: Cockrell AS, et al.; correspondence to Adam Cockrell (adam_cockrell@unc.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30013082/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Keywords: coronavirus, MERS-CoV, animal models, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: To achieve high viral loads of MERS-CoV as seen in humans, a spike-modified MERS clone was tested in rhesus macaques. Respiratory disease was mild and transient.
References: doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28900-1; PMID: 30013082
Contact Info: Cockrell AS, et al.; correspondence to Adam Cockrell (adam_cockrell@unc.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30013082/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Rocky Mountain Laboratories
Keywords: MERS-CoV, immunosuppression, pathology, shedding, macaque
Summary of Study: Immuno-compromised rhesus macaques were evaluated to determine if their immunosuppression resulted in higher MERS-CoV replication and shedding.
References: doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00205; PMID: 29483914
Contact Info: Prescott J, et al.; correspondence to Vincent Munster (vincent.munster@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29483914/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Rocky Mountain Laboratories
Keywords: MERS-CoV, immunosuppression, pathology, shedding, macaque
Summary of Study: Immuno-compromised rhesus macaques were evaluated to determine if their immunosuppression resulted in higher MERS-CoV replication and shedding.
References: doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00205; PMID: 29483914
Contact Info: Prescott J, et al.; correspondence to Vincent Munster (vincent.munster@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29483914/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Wuhan University, China
Keywords: coronavirus, SARS-CoV, vaccine, animal models, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques were given an inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine to evaluate whether it would cause disease enhancement. Vaccination resulted in low antibodies and did not induce disease enhancement.
References: doi: 10.1007/s12250-018-0009-2; PMID: 29541941; PMCID: PMC6178114
Contact Info: Luo F, et al.; correspondence to Wei Hou (houwei@whu.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29541941/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Wuhan University, China
Keywords: coronavirus, SARS-CoV, vaccine, animal models, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques were given an inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine to evaluate whether it would cause disease enhancement. Vaccination resulted in low antibodies and did not induce disease enhancement.
References: doi: 10.1007/s12250-018-0009-2; PMID: 29541941; PMCID: PMC6178114
Contact Info: Luo F, et al.; correspondence to Wei Hou (houwei@whu.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29541941/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, PR China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, neutralizing antibodies, coronavirus, receptor sequence binding
Summary of Study: A recombinant VSV-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine neutralized antibodies and T cell responses in rhesus monkeys after a single intramuscular or intranasal immunization dose.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.12.007; PMID: 29246504; PMCID: PMC7113862
Contact Info: Liu R, et al.; correspondence to Zhigao Bu (buzhigao@caas.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29246504/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2018
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, PR China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, neutralizing antibodies, coronavirus, receptor sequence binding
Summary of Study: A recombinant VSV-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine neutralized antibodies and T cell responses in rhesus monkeys after a single intramuscular or intranasal immunization dose.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.12.007; PMID: 29246504; PMCID: PMC7113862
Contact Info: Liu R, et al.; correspondence to Zhigao Bu (buzhigao@caas.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29246504/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Keywords: Animal model, biosafety level, coronavirus, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, emerging pathogen, human dipeptidyl peptidase-4
Summary of Study: Reviewed different species that could be used as an animal model for MERS. Rhesus macaques had mild, transient disease, while common marmosets experienced severe disease.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2017.03.001; PMID: 28616501; PMCID: PMC5454147
Contact Info: Vergara-Alert J, et al.; correspondence to Joaquim Segalés (joaquim.segales@cresa.uab.cat)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28616501/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Keywords: Animal model, biosafety level, coronavirus, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, emerging pathogen, human dipeptidyl peptidase-4
Summary of Study: Reviewed different species that could be used as an animal model for MERS. Rhesus macaques had mild, transient disease, while common marmosets experienced severe disease.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2017.03.001; PMID: 28616501; PMCID: PMC5454147
Contact Info: Vergara-Alert J, et al.; correspondence to Joaquim Segalés (joaquim.segales@cresa.uab.cat)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28616501/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: Papio hamadryas hamadryas, Commensal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, coronaviruses, infections
Summary of Study: Fifty baboons were screened for antibodies to different types of coronaviruses to determine if they could transmit to humans. The animals were positive for human and canine coronaviruses but not for MERS.
References: doi: 10.1017/S0950268817000905; PMID: 28478775; PMCID: PMC7113016
Contact Info: Olarinmoye AO, et al.; correspondence to K. Al-Hezaimi (kalhezaime@ksu.edu.sa)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28478775/
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: Papio hamadryas hamadryas, Commensal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, coronaviruses, infections
Summary of Study: Fifty baboons were screened for antibodies to different types of coronaviruses to determine if they could transmit to humans. The animals were positive for human and canine coronaviruses but not for MERS.
References: doi: 10.1017/S0950268817000905; PMID: 28478775; PMCID: PMC7113016
Contact Info: Olarinmoye AO, et al.; correspondence to K. Al-Hezaimi (kalhezaime@ksu.edu.sa)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28478775/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: MERS-CoV, Saudi Arabia, evolution, spike protein, transmission, vaccine
Summary of Study: Mentions NHP studies of promising vaccine candidates that target spike protein.
References: doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0521-z; PMID: 28500431; PMCID: PMC7089120
Contact Info: Rabaan AA, et al.; correspondence to Ali A. Rabaan (ali.rabaan@jhah.com)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28500431/
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: MERS-CoV, Saudi Arabia, evolution, spike protein, transmission, vaccine
Summary of Study: Mentions NHP studies of promising vaccine candidates that target spike protein.
References: doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0521-z; PMID: 28500431; PMCID: PMC7089120
Contact Info: Rabaan AA, et al.; correspondence to Ali A. Rabaan (ali.rabaan@jhah.com)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28500431/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: MERS-CoV, DDP4, pneumonia, entry receptor
Summary of Study: Description of the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings from rhesus macaque and common marmoset animal models of MERS-CoV infection.
References: doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172093; PMID: 28234937; PMCID: PMC5325479
Contact Info: Yu P, et al.; correspondence to Chuan Qin (ginchaun@pumc.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28234937/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: MERS-CoV, DDP4, pneumonia, entry receptor
Summary of Study: Description of the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings from rhesus macaque and common marmoset animal models of MERS-CoV infection.
References: doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172093; PMID: 28234937; PMCID: PMC5325479
Contact Info: Yu P, et al.; correspondence to Chuan Qin (ginchaun@pumc.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28234937/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Pennsylvania
Keywords: MERS, CoV, origin, pathogenesis
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques infected with MERS-CoV experience self-limiting transient lower respiratory tract infection involving mild to moderate pneumonia, not mimicking severe human disease associated with MERS-CoV. Infection in marmosets causes severe, often lethal disease and recapitulates human disease.
References: doi: 10.12688/f1000research.11827.1; PMID: 29026532; PMCID: PMC5583735
Contact Info: Goldstein SA and Weiss SR; correspondence to Susan R. Weiss (weisssr@mail.med.upenn.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29026532/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Pennsylvania
Keywords: MERS, CoV, origin, pathogenesis
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques infected with MERS-CoV experience self-limiting transient lower respiratory tract infection involving mild to moderate pneumonia, not mimicking severe human disease associated with MERS-CoV. Infection in marmosets causes severe, often lethal disease and recapitulates human disease.
References: doi: 10.12688/f1000research.11827.1; PMID: 29026532; PMCID: PMC5583735
Contact Info: Goldstein SA and Weiss SR; correspondence to Susan R. Weiss (weisssr@mail.med.upenn.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29026532/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, immune response, nonhuman primate, vaccine, virus-like particles
Summary of Study: MERS-CoV virus-like particles have excellent immunogenicity in rhesus macaques and represent a promising vaccine candidate.
References: doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8475; PMID: 27050368; PMCID: PMC5355045
Contact Info: Wang C, et al.; correspondence to Xianzhu Xia (xiaxzh@cae.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27050368/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, immune response, nonhuman primate, vaccine, virus-like particles
Summary of Study: MERS-CoV virus-like particles have excellent immunogenicity in rhesus macaques and represent a promising vaccine candidate.
References: doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8475; PMID: 27050368; PMCID: PMC5355045
Contact Info: Wang C, et al.; correspondence to Xianzhu Xia (xiaxzh@cae.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27050368/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: Papio hamadryas hamadryas, Commensal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, coronaviruses, infections
Summary of Study: Fifty baboons were screened for antibodies to different types of coronaviruses to determine if they could transmit to humans. The animals were positive for human and canine coronaviruses but not for MERS.
References: doi: 10.1017/S0950268817000905; PMID: 28478775; PMCID: PMC7113016
Contact Info: Olarinmoye AO, et al.; correspondence to K. Al-Hezaimi (kalhezaime@ksu.edu.sa)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28478775/
NHP Species:
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: Papio hamadryas hamadryas, Commensal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, coronaviruses, infections
Summary of Study: Fifty baboons were screened for antibodies to different types of coronaviruses to determine if they could transmit to humans. The animals were positive for human and canine coronaviruses but not for MERS.
References: doi: 10.1017/S0950268817000905; PMID: 28478775; PMCID: PMC7113016
Contact Info: Olarinmoye AO, et al.; correspondence to K. Al-Hezaimi (kalhezaime@ksu.edu.sa)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28478775/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Keywords: Animal model, biosafety level, coronavirus, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, emerging pathogen, human dipeptidyl peptidase-4
Summary of Study: Reviewed different species that could be used as an animal model for MERS. Rhesus macaques had mild, transient disease, while common marmosets experienced severe disease.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2017.03.001; PMID: 28616501; PMCID: PMC5454147
Contact Info: Vergara-Alert J, et al.; correspondence to Joaquim Segalés (joaquim.segales@cresa.uab.cat)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28616501/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Keywords: Animal model, biosafety level, coronavirus, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, emerging pathogen, human dipeptidyl peptidase-4
Summary of Study: Reviewed different species that could be used as an animal model for MERS. Rhesus macaques had mild, transient disease, while common marmosets experienced severe disease.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2017.03.001; PMID: 28616501; PMCID: PMC5454147
Contact Info: Vergara-Alert J, et al.; correspondence to Joaquim Segalés (joaquim.segales@cresa.uab.cat)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28616501/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: MERS-CoV, Saudi Arabia, evolution, spike protein, transmission, vaccine
Summary of Study: Mentions NHP studies of promising vaccine candidates that target spike protein.
References: doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0521-z; PMID: 28500431; PMCID: PMC7089120
Contact Info: Rabaan AA, et al.; correspondence to Ali A. Rabaan (ali.rabaan@jhah.com)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28500431/
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: MERS-CoV, Saudi Arabia, evolution, spike protein, transmission, vaccine
Summary of Study: Mentions NHP studies of promising vaccine candidates that target spike protein.
References: doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0521-z; PMID: 28500431; PMCID: PMC7089120
Contact Info: Rabaan AA, et al.; correspondence to Ali A. Rabaan (ali.rabaan@jhah.com)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28500431/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: MERS-CoV, DDP4, pneumonia, entry receptor
Summary of Study: Description of the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings from rhesus macaque and common marmoset animal models of MERS-CoV infection.
References: doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172093; PMID: 28234937; PMCID: PMC5325479
Contact Info: Yu P, et al.; correspondence to Chuan Qin (ginchaun@pumc.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28234937/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: MERS-CoV, DDP4, pneumonia, entry receptor
Summary of Study: Description of the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings from rhesus macaque and common marmoset animal models of MERS-CoV infection.
References: doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172093; PMID: 28234937; PMCID: PMC5325479
Contact Info: Yu P, et al.; correspondence to Chuan Qin (ginchaun@pumc.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28234937/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Pennsylvania
Keywords: MERS, CoV, origin, pathogenesis
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques infected with MERS-CoV experience self-limiting transient lower respiratory tract infection involving mild to moderate pneumonia, not mimicking severe human disease associated with MERS-CoV. Infection in marmosets causes severe, often lethal disease and recapitulates human disease.
References: doi: 10.12688/f1000research.11827.1; PMID: 29026532; PMCID: PMC5583735
Contact Info: Goldstein SA and Weiss SR; correspondence to Susan R. Weiss (weisssr@mail.med.upenn.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29026532/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: University of Pennsylvania
Keywords: MERS, CoV, origin, pathogenesis
Summary of Study: Rhesus macaques infected with MERS-CoV experience self-limiting transient lower respiratory tract infection involving mild to moderate pneumonia, not mimicking severe human disease associated with MERS-CoV. Infection in marmosets causes severe, often lethal disease and recapitulates human disease.
References: doi: 10.12688/f1000research.11827.1; PMID: 29026532; PMCID: PMC5583735
Contact Info: Goldstein SA and Weiss SR; correspondence to Susan R. Weiss (weisssr@mail.med.upenn.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29026532/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, immune response, nonhuman primate, vaccine, virus-like particles
Summary of Study: MERS-CoV virus-like particles have excellent immunogenicity in rhesus macaques and represent a promising vaccine candidate.
References: doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8475; PMID: 27050368; PMCID: PMC5355045
Contact Info: Wang C, et al.; correspondence to Xianzhu Xia (xiaxzh@cae.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27050368/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2017
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, immune response, nonhuman primate, vaccine, virus-like particles
Summary of Study: MERS-CoV virus-like particles have excellent immunogenicity in rhesus macaques and represent a promising vaccine candidate.
References: doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8475; PMID: 27050368; PMCID: PMC5355045
Contact Info: Wang C, et al.; correspondence to Xianzhu Xia (xiaxzh@cae.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27050368/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: MERS-CoV, animal models, common marmosets, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, mice, pathogenicity, rabbits, respiratory system, review, rhesus macaques, transgenic
Summary of Study: This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on human MERS-CoV infections, the probable origin of MERS-CoV, and the available animal models of MERS-CoV infection.
References: doi: 10.1177/0300985815620845; PMID: 26869154
Contact Info: Baseler L, et al.; correspondence to H. Feldmann (feldmannh@niaid.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26869154/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: MERS-CoV, animal models, common marmosets, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, mice, pathogenicity, rabbits, respiratory system, review, rhesus macaques, transgenic
Summary of Study: This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on human MERS-CoV infections, the probable origin of MERS-CoV, and the available animal models of MERS-CoV infection.
References: doi: 10.1177/0300985815620845; PMID: 26869154
Contact Info: Baseler L, et al.; correspondence to H. Feldmann (feldmannh@niaid.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26869154/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: AIDS Institute and Research Center for Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
Keywords: viral infection, innate immunity, mucosal immunology, respiratory tract diseases
Summary of Study: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the spatiotemporal interactions of SARS-CoV, monocytes/macrophages, and the DC network in mucosal tissues and highlights the fact that, while these innate cells contribute to viral clearance, they probably also serve as shelters and vehicles to provide a mechanism for the virus to escape host mucosal innate immunity and disseminate systemically.
References: doi: 10.1038/mi.2015.127; PMID: 26647718
Contact Info: Liu L, et al.; correspondence to L. Liu (liuli71@hku.hk)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26647718/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: AIDS Institute and Research Center for Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
Keywords: viral infection, innate immunity, mucosal immunology, respiratory tract diseases
Summary of Study: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the spatiotemporal interactions of SARS-CoV, monocytes/macrophages, and the DC network in mucosal tissues and highlights the fact that, while these innate cells contribute to viral clearance, they probably also serve as shelters and vehicles to provide a mechanism for the virus to escape host mucosal innate immunity and disseminate systemically.
References: doi: 10.1038/mi.2015.127; PMID: 26647718
Contact Info: Liu L, et al.; correspondence to L. Liu (liuli71@hku.hk)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26647718/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Emerging Viral Pathogens Section
Keywords: animal model, MERS, antibody therapy, human monoclonal antibody therapy, MERS-CoV, respiratory syndrome
Summary of Study: In this report, we describe the clinical and radiographic changes of rhesus monkeys following infection with 5×10(6) PFU MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.01.004; PMID: 26828465
Contact Info: Johnson RF, et al.; correspondence to Reed F. Johnson (johnsonreed@mail.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26828465/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Emerging Viral Pathogens Section
Keywords: animal model, MERS, antibody therapy, human monoclonal antibody therapy, MERS-CoV, respiratory syndrome
Summary of Study: In this report, we describe the clinical and radiographic changes of rhesus monkeys following infection with 5×10(6) PFU MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.01.004; PMID: 26828465
Contact Info: Johnson RF, et al.; correspondence to Reed F. Johnson (johnsonreed@mail.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26828465/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health and the International Vaccine Institute, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: MERS-CoV, Saudi Arabia, animal models, coronavirus, prevention, therapeutic antibodies, vaccine, viruses, zoonosis
Summary of Study: A combination of both rodents and nonhuman primate models should be considered in evaluating and developing preventive and therapeutic candidates under standardized conditions. Rhesus macaques are shown to exhibit mild disease; common marmosets exhibit severe disease.
References: doi: 10.3201/eid2208.160229; PMID: 27439020; PMCID: PMC4982192
Contact Info: Excler JL, et al.; correspondence Jean Louis Excler (jeanlouis.excler@ivi.int)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27439020/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health and the International Vaccine Institute, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: MERS-CoV, Saudi Arabia, animal models, coronavirus, prevention, therapeutic antibodies, vaccine, viruses, zoonosis
Summary of Study: A combination of both rodents and nonhuman primate models should be considered in evaluating and developing preventive and therapeutic candidates under standardized conditions. Rhesus macaques are shown to exhibit mild disease; common marmosets exhibit severe disease.
References: doi: 10.3201/eid2208.160229; PMID: 27439020; PMCID: PMC4982192
Contact Info: Excler JL, et al.; correspondence Jean Louis Excler (jeanlouis.excler@ivi.int)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27439020/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: B-cell peptide epitope, SARS-CoV, antibody-dependent enhancement, epitope sequence-dependent enhancement, peptide, vaccine
Summary of Study: Demonstrated that a SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine could induce antibody-dependent enhancement and lung pathology in rhesus macaques.
References: doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00006; PMID: 27627203; PMCID: PMC7075522
Contact Info: Wang Q, et al.; correspondence to Nobuo Sakaguchi (nobusaka@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27627203/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: B-cell peptide epitope, SARS-CoV, antibody-dependent enhancement, epitope sequence-dependent enhancement, peptide, vaccine
Summary of Study: Demonstrated that a SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine could induce antibody-dependent enhancement and lung pathology in rhesus macaques.
References: doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00006; PMID: 27627203; PMCID: PMC7075522
Contact Info: Wang Q, et al.; correspondence to Nobuo Sakaguchi (nobusaka@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27627203/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: The University of Hong Kong, China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, ARDS, Smad7, FGF2
Summary of Study: Common marmosets infected by MERS-CoV developed ARDS and disseminated infection in kidneys and other organs.
References: doi: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.4; PMID: 27572168; PMCID: PMC7097571
Contact Info: Yeung ML, et al.; correspondence to Chuan Qin (qinchuan@pumc.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27572168/
NHP Species: marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: The University of Hong Kong, China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, ARDS, Smad7, FGF2
Summary of Study: Common marmosets infected by MERS-CoV developed ARDS and disseminated infection in kidneys and other organs.
References: doi: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.4; PMID: 27572168; PMCID: PMC7097571
Contact Info: Yeung ML, et al.; correspondence to Chuan Qin (qinchuan@pumc.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27572168/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: CDC, Office of Preparedness and Response, NIH
Keywords: MERS-CoV, animal models, antibodies, antivirals, diagnostics, medical countermeasures, monoclonal, nonhuman primate, polyclonal, respiratory infections, therapeutics, vaccines, viruses
Summary of Study: A review of medical countermeasures for MERS and need to prioritize animal model development.
References: doi: 10.3201/eid2207.160022; PMID: 27191188; PMCID: PMC4918159
Contact Info: Uyeki TM, et al.; correspondence to Timothy M. Uyeki (tuyeki@cdc.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27191188/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: CDC, Office of Preparedness and Response, NIH
Keywords: MERS-CoV, animal models, antibodies, antivirals, diagnostics, medical countermeasures, monoclonal, nonhuman primate, polyclonal, respiratory infections, therapeutics, vaccines, viruses
Summary of Study: A review of medical countermeasures for MERS and need to prioritize animal model development.
References: doi: 10.3201/eid2207.160022; PMID: 27191188; PMCID: PMC4918159
Contact Info: Uyeki TM, et al.; correspondence to Timothy M. Uyeki (tuyeki@cdc.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27191188/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: ASIP
Keywords: MERS-CoV, pneumonia, DDP4
Summary of Study: The rhesus macaque and common marmoset models of MERS-CoV span the wide range of disease severity reported in MERS-CoV-infected humans, which will aid in investigating MERS-CoV disease pathogenesis.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.10.025; PMID: 26724387
Contact Info: Baseler LJ, et al.; correspondence to Emmie de Witt (emmie.dewit@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26724387/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: ASIP
Keywords: MERS-CoV, pneumonia, DDP4
Summary of Study: The rhesus macaque and common marmoset models of MERS-CoV span the wide range of disease severity reported in MERS-CoV-infected humans, which will aid in investigating MERS-CoV disease pathogenesis.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.10.025; PMID: 26724387
Contact Info: Baseler LJ, et al.; correspondence to Emmie de Witt (emmie.dewit@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26724387/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: MERS-CoV, animal models, common marmosets, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, mice, pathogenicity, rabbits, respiratory system, review, rhesus macaques, transgenic
Summary of Study: This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on human MERS-CoV infections, the probable origin of MERS-CoV, and the available animal models of MERS-CoV infection.
References: doi: 10.1177/0300985815620845; PMID: 26869154
Contact Info: Baseler L, et al.; correspondence to H. Feldmann (feldmannh@niaid.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26869154/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: MERS-CoV, animal models, common marmosets, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, mice, pathogenicity, rabbits, respiratory system, review, rhesus macaques, transgenic
Summary of Study: This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on human MERS-CoV infections, the probable origin of MERS-CoV, and the available animal models of MERS-CoV infection.
References: doi: 10.1177/0300985815620845; PMID: 26869154
Contact Info: Baseler L, et al.; correspondence to H. Feldmann (feldmannh@niaid.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26869154/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: AIDS Institute and Research Center for Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
Keywords: viral infection, innate immunity, mucosal immunology, respiratory tract diseases
Summary of Study: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the spatiotemporal interactions of SARS-CoV, monocytes/macrophages, and the DC network in mucosal tissues and highlights the fact that, while these innate cells contribute to viral clearance, they probably also serve as shelters and vehicles to provide a mechanism for the virus to escape host mucosal innate immunity and disseminate systemically.
References: doi: 10.1038/mi.2015.127; PMID: 26647718
Contact Info: Liu L, et al.; correspondence to L. Liu (liuli71@hku.hk)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26647718/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: AIDS Institute and Research Center for Infection and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
Keywords: viral infection, innate immunity, mucosal immunology, respiratory tract diseases
Summary of Study: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the spatiotemporal interactions of SARS-CoV, monocytes/macrophages, and the DC network in mucosal tissues and highlights the fact that, while these innate cells contribute to viral clearance, they probably also serve as shelters and vehicles to provide a mechanism for the virus to escape host mucosal innate immunity and disseminate systemically.
References: doi: 10.1038/mi.2015.127; PMID: 26647718
Contact Info: Liu L, et al.; correspondence to L. Liu (liuli71@hku.hk)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26647718/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Emerging Viral Pathogens Section
Keywords: animal model, MERS, antibody therapy, human monoclonal antibody therapy, MERS-CoV, respiratory syndrome
Summary of Study: In this report, we describe the clinical and radiographic changes of rhesus monkeys following infection with 5×10(6) PFU MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.01.004; PMID: 26828465
Contact Info: Johnson RF, et al.; correspondence to Reed F. Johnson (johnsonreed@mail.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26828465/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Emerging Viral Pathogens Section
Keywords: animal model, MERS, antibody therapy, human monoclonal antibody therapy, MERS-CoV, respiratory syndrome
Summary of Study: In this report, we describe the clinical and radiographic changes of rhesus monkeys following infection with 5×10(6) PFU MERS-CoV Jordan-n3/2012.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.01.004; PMID: 26828465
Contact Info: Johnson RF, et al.; correspondence to Reed F. Johnson (johnsonreed@mail.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26828465/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health and the International Vaccine Institute, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: MERS-CoV, Saudi Arabia, animal models, coronavirus, prevention, therapeutic antibodies, vaccine, viruses, zoonosis
Summary of Study: A combination of both rodents and nonhuman primate models should be considered in evaluating and developing preventive and therapeutic candidates under standardized conditions. Rhesus macaques are shown to exhibit mild disease; common marmosets exhibit severe disease.
References: doi: 10.3201/eid2208.160229; PMID: 27439020; PMCID: PMC4982192
Contact Info: Excler JL, et al.; correspondence Jean Louis Excler (jeanlouis.excler@ivi.int)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27439020/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health and the International Vaccine Institute, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Keywords: MERS-CoV, Saudi Arabia, animal models, coronavirus, prevention, therapeutic antibodies, vaccine, viruses, zoonosis
Summary of Study: A combination of both rodents and nonhuman primate models should be considered in evaluating and developing preventive and therapeutic candidates under standardized conditions. Rhesus macaques are shown to exhibit mild disease; common marmosets exhibit severe disease.
References: doi: 10.3201/eid2208.160229; PMID: 27439020; PMCID: PMC4982192
Contact Info: Excler JL, et al.; correspondence Jean Louis Excler (jeanlouis.excler@ivi.int)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27439020/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: B-cell peptide epitope, SARS-CoV, antibody-dependent enhancement, epitope sequence-dependent enhancement, peptide, vaccine
Summary of Study: Demonstrated that a SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine could induce antibody-dependent enhancement and lung pathology in rhesus macaques.
References: doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00006; PMID: 27627203; PMCID: PMC7075522
Contact Info: Wang Q, et al.; correspondence to Nobuo Sakaguchi (nobusaka@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27627203/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Keywords: B-cell peptide epitope, SARS-CoV, antibody-dependent enhancement, epitope sequence-dependent enhancement, peptide, vaccine
Summary of Study: Demonstrated that a SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine could induce antibody-dependent enhancement and lung pathology in rhesus macaques.
References: doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00006; PMID: 27627203; PMCID: PMC7075522
Contact Info: Wang Q, et al.; correspondence to Nobuo Sakaguchi (nobusaka@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27627203/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: The University of Hong Kong, China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, ARDS, Smad7, FGF2
Summary of Study: Common marmosets infected by MERS-CoV developed ARDS and disseminated infection in kidneys and other organs.
References: doi: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.4; PMID: 27572168; PMCID: PMC7097571
Contact Info: Yeung ML, et al.; correspondence to Chuan Qin (qinchuan@pumc.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27572168/
NHP Species: marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: The University of Hong Kong, China
Keywords: MERS-CoV, ARDS, Smad7, FGF2
Summary of Study: Common marmosets infected by MERS-CoV developed ARDS and disseminated infection in kidneys and other organs.
References: doi: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.4; PMID: 27572168; PMCID: PMC7097571
Contact Info: Yeung ML, et al.; correspondence to Chuan Qin (qinchuan@pumc.edu.cn)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27572168/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: CDC, Office of Preparedness and Response, NIH
Keywords: MERS-CoV, animal models, antibodies, antivirals, diagnostics, medical countermeasures, monoclonal, nonhuman primate, polyclonal, respiratory infections, therapeutics, vaccines, viruses
Summary of Study: A review of medical countermeasures for MERS and need to prioritize animal model development.
References: doi: 10.3201/eid2207.160022; PMID: 27191188; PMCID: PMC4918159
Contact Info: Uyeki TM, et al.; correspondence to Timothy M. Uyeki (tuyeki@cdc.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27191188/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: CDC, Office of Preparedness and Response, NIH
Keywords: MERS-CoV, animal models, antibodies, antivirals, diagnostics, medical countermeasures, monoclonal, nonhuman primate, polyclonal, respiratory infections, therapeutics, vaccines, viruses
Summary of Study: A review of medical countermeasures for MERS and need to prioritize animal model development.
References: doi: 10.3201/eid2207.160022; PMID: 27191188; PMCID: PMC4918159
Contact Info: Uyeki TM, et al.; correspondence to Timothy M. Uyeki (tuyeki@cdc.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27191188/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: ASIP
Keywords: MERS-CoV, pneumonia, DDP4
Summary of Study: The rhesus macaque and common marmoset models of MERS-CoV span the wide range of disease severity reported in MERS-CoV-infected humans, which will aid in investigating MERS-CoV disease pathogenesis.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.10.025; PMID: 26724387
Contact Info: Baseler LJ, et al.; correspondence to Emmie de Witt (emmie.dewit@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26724387/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2016
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: ASIP
Keywords: MERS-CoV, pneumonia, DDP4
Summary of Study: The rhesus macaque and common marmoset models of MERS-CoV span the wide range of disease severity reported in MERS-CoV-infected humans, which will aid in investigating MERS-CoV disease pathogenesis.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.10.025; PMID: 26724387
Contact Info: Baseler LJ, et al.; correspondence to Emmie de Witt (emmie.dewit@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26724387/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Laboratory of Virology
Keywords: animal models, coronavirus, emerging viruses, MERS-CoV, public health
Summary of Study: This article forms part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on “From SARS to MERS: research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses.â€
References: doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.07.005; PMID: 26192750
Contact Info: Van Doremalen N and Munster VJ; correspondence to Vincent Munster (munster@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26192750/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Laboratory of Virology
Keywords: animal models, coronavirus, emerging viruses, MERS-CoV, public health
Summary of Study: This article forms part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on “From SARS to MERS: research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses.â€
References: doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.07.005; PMID: 26192750
Contact Info: Van Doremalen N and Munster VJ; correspondence to Vincent Munster (munster@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26192750/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: marmosets
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: HKU Med, ILAS
Keywords: Kaletra, MERS, animal, common marmoset, coronavirus, interferon, lopinavir, mycophenolate, primate, treatment
Summary of Study: This study assessed three repurposed drugs with potent in vitro anti-MERS-CoV activity (mycophenolate mofetil [MMF], lopinavir/ritonavir, and interferon-β1b) in common marmosets with severe disease resembling MERS in humans.
References: doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv392; PMID: 26198719
Contact Info: Chan JF, et al.; correspondence to Kwok-Yung Yuen (kyyuen@hku.hk)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26198719/
NHP Species: marmosets
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: HKU Med, ILAS
Keywords: Kaletra, MERS, animal, common marmoset, coronavirus, interferon, lopinavir, mycophenolate, primate, treatment
Summary of Study: This study assessed three repurposed drugs with potent in vitro anti-MERS-CoV activity (mycophenolate mofetil [MMF], lopinavir/ritonavir, and interferon-β1b) in common marmosets with severe disease resembling MERS in humans.
References: doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv392; PMID: 26198719
Contact Info: Chan JF, et al.; correspondence to Kwok-Yung Yuen (kyyuen@hku.hk)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26198719/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: City University of New York
Keywords: oligoadenylate synthetase 1, SARS-CoV, primates, convergent polymorphism
Summary of Study: This case investigated the evolution of OAS1 in primates by characterizing intra-specific variation in four species commonly used as models in infectious disease research: the rhesus macaque, the cynomolgus macaque, the olive baboon, and the Guinea baboon.
References: doi: 10.1007/s00251-015-0855-0; PMID: 26156123
Contact Info: Fish I and Boissinot S; correspondence to Stéphane Boissinot (sb5272@nyu.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26156123/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: City University of New York
Keywords: oligoadenylate synthetase 1, SARS-CoV, primates, convergent polymorphism
Summary of Study: This case investigated the evolution of OAS1 in primates by characterizing intra-specific variation in four species commonly used as models in infectious disease research: the rhesus macaque, the cynomolgus macaque, the olive baboon, and the Guinea baboon.
References: doi: 10.1007/s00251-015-0855-0; PMID: 26156123
Contact Info: Fish I and Boissinot S; correspondence to Stéphane Boissinot (sb5272@nyu.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26156123/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Emerging Viral Pathogens Section
Keywords: animal model, coronavirus, MERS, MERS-CoV, MERS, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: This data suggest that common marmosets developed a mild to moderate non-lethal respiratory disease, which was quantifiable by computed tomography (CT), with limited other clinical signs.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.07.013; PMID: 26342468
Contact Info: Johnson RF, et al.; correspondence to Reef F. Johnson (johnsonreed@mail.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26342468/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques, marmosets
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Emerging Viral Pathogens Section
Keywords: animal model, coronavirus, MERS, MERS-CoV, MERS, nonhuman primate
Summary of Study: This data suggest that common marmosets developed a mild to moderate non-lethal respiratory disease, which was quantifiable by computed tomography (CT), with limited other clinical signs.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.07.013; PMID: 26342468
Contact Info: Johnson RF, et al.; correspondence to Reef F. Johnson (johnsonreed@mail.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26342468/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research
Keywords: [18F]-FDG-PET, MERS-CoV, animal models, kinetic modeling
Summary of Study: This study extends the use of kinetic modeling of [18F]-FDG uptake during lung inflammation to host immune response after MERS-CoV exposure in rhesus macaques. Compared with SUVs, K i computation increases signal-to-noise ratio of PET data that results in improved accuracy of measurement and method sensitivity.
References: doi: 10.1186/s13550-015-0143-x; PMID: 26573211
Contact Info: Chefer S, et al.; correspondence to S. Chefer (schefer@mail.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26573211/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research
Keywords: [18F]-FDG-PET, MERS-CoV, animal models, kinetic modeling
Summary of Study: This study extends the use of kinetic modeling of [18F]-FDG uptake during lung inflammation to host immune response after MERS-CoV exposure in rhesus macaques. Compared with SUVs, K i computation increases signal-to-noise ratio of PET data that results in improved accuracy of measurement and method sensitivity.
References: doi: 10.1186/s13550-015-0143-x; PMID: 26573211
Contact Info: Chefer S, et al.; correspondence to S. Chefer (schefer@mail.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26573211/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: animal models, coronaviruses, MERS-CoV, receptor, SARS-CoV
Summary of Study: The authors reviewed a variety of animal models, including NHPs. Individual NHP studies are represented elsewhere in this document.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.030; PMID: 25791336
Contact Info: Sutton TC and Subbaro K; correspondence to Kanta Subbarao (ksubbarao@niaid.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25791336/
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: animal models, coronaviruses, MERS-CoV, receptor, SARS-CoV
Summary of Study: The authors reviewed a variety of animal models, including NHPs. Individual NHP studies are represented elsewhere in this document.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.030; PMID: 25791336
Contact Info: Sutton TC and Subbaro K; correspondence to Kanta Subbarao (ksubbarao@niaid.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25791336/
Coronavirus Investigated: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, animal model
Summary of Study: The authors reviewed a variety of animal models, including NHPs. Individual NHP studies are represented elsewhere in this document.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.06.009; PMID: 26184451
Contact Info: Gretebeck LM and Subbaro K; correspondence to Kanta Subbarao (ksubbarao@niaid.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26184451/
NHP Species: multiple species
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID
Keywords: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, animal model
Summary of Study: The authors reviewed a variety of animal models, including NHPs. Individual NHP studies are represented elsewhere in this document.
References: doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.06.009; PMID: 26184451
Contact Info: Gretebeck LM and Subbaro K; correspondence to Kanta Subbarao (ksubbarao@niaid.nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26184451/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Vaccine Research Center
Keywords: antibodies, vaccines, viral infection, virology
Summary of Study: This study developed DNA expression vectors and soluble protein immunogens that elicited cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against known, circulating strains of MERS-CoV.
References: doi: 10.1038/ncomms8712; PMID: 26218507
Contact Info: Wang L, et al.; correspondence to Wing-Pui Kong (vog.hin.diain@gnokw)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26218507/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Vaccine Research Center
Keywords: antibodies, vaccines, viral infection, virology
Summary of Study: This study developed DNA expression vectors and soluble protein immunogens that elicited cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against known, circulating strains of MERS-CoV.
References: doi: 10.1038/ncomms8712; PMID: 26218507
Contact Info: Wang L, et al.; correspondence to Wing-Pui Kong (vog.hin.diain@gnokw)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26218507/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Keywords: MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, vaccine
Summary of Study: These studies demonstrate that a consensus MERS spike protein synthetic DNA vaccine can induce protective responses against viral challenge, indicating that this strategy may have value as a possible vaccine modality against this emerging pathogen.
References: doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aac7462; PMID: 26290414
Contact Info: Muthumani K, et al.; correspondence to David B. Weiner (dbweiner@mail.med.upenn.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26290414/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Keywords: MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, vaccine
Summary of Study: These studies demonstrate that a consensus MERS spike protein synthetic DNA vaccine can induce protective responses against viral challenge, indicating that this strategy may have value as a possible vaccine modality against this emerging pathogen.
References: doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aac7462; PMID: 26290414
Contact Info: Muthumani K, et al.; correspondence to David B. Weiner (dbweiner@mail.med.upenn.edu)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26290414/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Laboratory of Virology
Keywords: animal models, coronavirus, emerging viruses, MERS-CoV, public health
Summary of Study: This article forms part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on “From SARS to MERS: research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses.â€
References: doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.07.005; PMID: 26192750
Contact Info: Van Doremalen N and Munster VJ; correspondence to Vincent Munster (munster@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26192750/
NHP Species: rhesus macaques
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review:
NPRC/Institute: NIAID, Laboratory of Virology
Keywords: animal models, coronavirus, emerging viruses, MERS-CoV, public health
Summary of Study: This article forms part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on “From SARS to MERS: research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses.â€
References: doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.07.005; PMID: 26192750
Contact Info: Van Doremalen N and Munster VJ; correspondence to Vincent Munster (munster@nih.gov)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26192750/
Coronavirus Investigated: MERS-CoV
NHP Species: marmosets
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: HKU Med, ILAS
Keywords: Kaletra, MERS, animal, common marmoset, coronavirus, interferon, lopinavir, mycophenolate, primate, treatment
Summary of Study: This study assessed three repurposed drugs with potent in vitro anti-MERS-CoV activity (mycophenolate mofetil [MMF], lopinavir/ritonavir, and interferon-β1b) in common marmosets with severe disease resembling MERS in humans.
References: doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv392; PMID: 26198719
Contact Info: Chan JF, et al.; correspondence to Kwok-Yung Yuen (kyyuen@hku.hk)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26198719/
NHP Species: marmosets
Year Published: 2015
Study Type/Review: vaccine
NPRC/Institute: HKU Med, ILAS
Keywords: Kaletra, MERS, animal, common marmoset, coronavirus, interferon, lopinavir, mycophenolate, primate, treatment
Summary of Study: This study assessed three repurposed drugs with potent in vitro anti-MERS-CoV activity (mycophenolate mofetil [MMF], lopinavir/ritonavir, and interferon-β1b) in common marmosets with severe disease resembling MERS in humans.
References: doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv392; PMID: 26198719
Contact Info: Chan JF, et al.; correspondence to Kwok-Yung Yuen (kyyuen@hku.hk)
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26198719/