Selected Grantee Publications

X Chromosome Agents of Sexual Differentiation

Arnold et al., Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2022.

https://www.doi.org/10.1038/s41574-022-00697-0

Many diseases affect one sex disproportionately. A major goal of biomedical research is to understand which sex-biasing factors influence disease severity and to develop therapeutic strategies to target these factors. Two groups of such agents are sex chromosome genes and gonadal hormones. Researchers use the “four core genotypes” model to enable comparisons among animals with different sex chromosomes but the same type of sex hormones, which allows investigators to distinguish disease mechanisms influenced by the sex chromosomes. Supported by ORIP (R01OD030496, R21OD026560), NICHD, NIDDK, and NHLBI.