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Effects of Pulsatile Intravenous Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Treatment on Ovarian Function in Women With Obesity

Luu et al., Fertility and Sterility. 2023.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37276947/

By performing intravenous (IV) administration of pulsatile recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), researchers established conditions for effective hypothalamic suppression in women with normal and high body mass index (BMI). In women with obesity, the treatment resulted in E2 and inhibin B levels comparable to those in normal-weight women. This work offers a potential strategy to mitigate some of the adverse effects of high BMI on fertility, assisted reproduction, and pregnancy outcomes. Supported by ORIP (K01OD026526), NIA, and NICHD.

Association of Age at Menopause and Hormone Therapy Use With Tau and β-Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography

Coughlan et al., JAMA Neurology. 2023.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37010830/

To understand the predominance (70%) of women among individuals with Alzheimer’s disease, the investigators studied regional tau and β-amyloid (Aβ) in relation to age at menopause and hormone therapy (HT) in postmenopausal women and age-matched men using positron emission tomography. The study demonstrated that females exhibited higher tau deposition compared with age-matched males, particularly in the setting of elevated Aβ; earlier age at menopause and late initiation of HT were associated with increased tau vulnerability. This study suggests female individuals with these conditions may be at higher risk of pathological burden. Supported by ORIP (S10OD025245), NIA, and NICHD.

Impaired Placental Hemodynamics and Function in a Non-Human Primate Model of Gestational Protein Restriction

Lo et al., Scientific Reports. 2023.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-28051-y

Maternal malnutrition is a global health epidemic that adversely affects fetal outcomes and results in long-term health complications in children. Investigators used a previously developed model in nonhuman primates for gestational protein restriction to study the impact of undernutrition, specifically protein deficiency, on placental function and pregnancy outcomes. The data demonstrate that a 50% protein-restricted diet reduces maternal placental perfusion, decreases fetal oxygen availability, and increases fetal mortality. These alterations in placental hemodynamics could partly explain human growth restriction and stillbirth seen with severe protein restriction in developing countries. Supported by ORIP (P51OD011092) and NICHD.