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Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Markers Indicate Neuro-Damage in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Nonhuman Primates

Maity et al., Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. 2023.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9981268/

In this study, researchers examined the proteins expressed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in nonhuman primates (NHPs) to better understand how COVID-19 infection can result in brain pathology, a common outcome. The study found that even in NHPs with minimal or mild COVID‑19, CSF proteins were significantly dysregulated compared with uninfected NHPs. Furthermore, the most affected proteins were enriched in the same brain regions that show lesions after COVID-19 infection, including the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and brain stem. Collectively, these regions have wide-ranging control over such crucial functions as cognition, motor control, and breathing, showing how even mild COVID-19 infection can result in significant neurological impairment. Supported by ORIP (P51OD011104, S10OD032453), NIGMS, NCI, and NICHD.

Impaired Placental Hemodynamics and Function in a Non-Human Primate Model of Gestational Protein Restriction

Lo et al., Scientific Reports. 2023.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-28051-y

Maternal malnutrition is a global health epidemic that adversely affects fetal outcomes and results in long-term health complications in children. Investigators used a previously developed model in nonhuman primates for gestational protein restriction to study the impact of undernutrition, specifically protein deficiency, on placental function and pregnancy outcomes. The data demonstrate that a 50% protein-restricted diet reduces maternal placental perfusion, decreases fetal oxygen availability, and increases fetal mortality. These alterations in placental hemodynamics could partly explain human growth restriction and stillbirth seen with severe protein restriction in developing countries. Supported by ORIP (P51OD011092) and NICHD.